Thread by @MedicalScitech

Reducing #COVID19 #Airborne #Transmission Risks on #PublicTransportation Buses
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Wearing of #facemasks reduced the overall particle count released into the bus by an average of 50%, the dispersion distance by several feet and #aerosol particles by 84.36%.

🔝#SARSCoV2 Infects Human Engineered Heart Tissues and Models COVID-19 Myocarditis
» doi.org/10.1016/j.jacb…
#COVID19 can kill heart muscle cells, interfere with contraction. Details of how #coronavirus infects #heart: models of tissue damage may help develop potential therapies.

High-content screening of coronavirus genes for innate immune suppression reveals enhanced potency of SARS-CoV-2 proteins
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
196 protein products of seven coronaviruses: the genes encoded by #SARSCoV2 are generally more potent immune suppressors than others

Scientists @UniCambridge have used #Genomics to help identify how #COVID19 spreads in #carehome settings, whose residents are at particular risk. bit.ly/3bV3vmu

A multiplexed, next generation sequencing platform for high-throughput detection of #SARSCoV2
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
Next-generation, ultra-high-throughput sequencing platform, called C19-SPAR-Seq, has a sensitivity rate greater than 95% in positive cases during peak onset.

⚠️Delayed Large Local Reactions to mRNA-1273 Vaccine against #SARSCoV2
» doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2…
Calling for greater awareness and communication around a delayed injection-site reaction that can occur in some patients (around 1%) who have received the #Moderna mRNA-1273 #vaccine.

💯Immune-checkpoint inhibitors from cancer to #COVID19: A promising avenue for the treatment of patients with COVID‑19
» doi.org/10.3892/ijo.20…
Four trials are currently open. The results may prove that restoring exhausted T‑cells may be a winning strategy to beat #SARSCoV2.

IS ASPIRIN THE NEW (OLD) IMMUNOTHERAPY?
This gives some potential therapeutic insight into why #aspirin might be a very useful companion drug to give in combination with these rather more expensive, more complex Immune-checkpoint blockade inhibitors. medscape.com/viewarticle/89…

The use of aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is associated with a lower likelihood of COVID-19 infection
» doi.org/10.1111/febs.1…
Inverse association b/w likelihood of #COVID19 infection, disease duration, mortality and #aspirin use for primary prevention.

Immunological characteristics govern the transition of #COVID19 to endemicity
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
#SARSCoV2 severity and benign nature of HCoVs suggest that once the endemic phase is reached and primary exposure is in childhood, it may be no more virulent than common cold.

⚠️Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants to neutralization by monoclonal and serum-derived polyclonal antibodies
» doi.org/10.1038/s41591…
New research @WUSTLmed indicates that three new, fast-spreading #variants can evade #antibodies that work against the original form of #SARSCoV2.

#Aspirin and #COVID19 aspirin-foundation.com/forum/aspirin-…

More than 50 Long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#COVID19 can involve sequelae and other medical complications that last weeks to months after initial recovery, which has come to be called #LongCOVID or COVID #longhaulers

#COVID19: Universities may need to test students every three days to prevent major outbreaks, say researchers
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n6…
The emergence of more transmissible #variants of #SARSCoV2 may mean needing to test students every three days to prevent major outbreaks.

CAN YOU STILL TRANSMIT COVID-19 AFTER VACCINATION?
There's no evidence that any of the current #COVID19 #vaccines can completely stop people from being infected – and this has implications for our prospects of achieving #HerdImmunity. bbc.com/future/article…

Airborne Transmission of #COVID19 and Mitigation Using Box Fan Air Cleaners in a Poorly Ventilated Classroom
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Box fan #aircleaners can serve as an effective low-cost alternative for mitigating #airborne #transmission risks in poorly ventilated spaces.

Clomipramine suppresses ACE2-mediated SARS-CoV-2 entry
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Indeed, #SARSCoV2 infection to human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes (iPS-CMs) and TMPRSS2-expressing VeroE6 cells were dramatically suppressed even after "In Vitro" treatment with #clomipramine.

#COVID19 vaccination plans, #HerdImmunity, and prospects for relaxation of #publichealth measures in Hong Kong─A Comprehensive Article And An Explanatory Thread By Professor @bencowling88, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong. A Must-Read.

https://twitter.com/bencowling88/status/1372373777510662149

💯Clofazimine broadly inhibits coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2
» doi.org/10.1038/s41586…
Combinatorial application of #Clofazimine and #remdesivir exhibited antiviral synergy in vitro and in vivo, and restricted upper respiratory tract persistent viral shedding of #SARSCoV2.

Longitudinal characterization of humoral and cellular immunity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients reveal immune persistence up to 9 months after infection
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Cellular and humoral CoV2 specific immunological memory in hospitalized patients long after recovery

Vaccination and non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study
» thelancet.com/journals/lanin…
#Vaccination alone is unlikely to contain #COVID19 infections in UK: need #NPI Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions for COVID-19. Study @TheLancet @TheLancetInfDis

LONG COVID: UNDERSTANDING THE NEUROLOGICAL EFFECTS
» thelancet.com/journals/laneu…
"Collaboration to improve our knowledge of #COVID19, including its #LongTermCare #LongCovid #neurological manifestations, must continue to be a high priority".

Myocarditis in naturally infected pets with the British variant of #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Findings demonstrate for the first time the ability for pet animals to be infected by the B.1.1.7 #variant of #SARSCoV2 and raise questions regarding its pathogenicity in animals

Timing the SARS-CoV-2 index case in Hubei province
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
#SARSCoV2 circulated undetected months before first #2019nCoV #COVID19 cases in #Wuhan, #China: study @UCSanDiego @ScienceMagazine

Association of Vitamin D Levels, Race/Ethnicity, and Clinical Characteristics With COVID-19 Test Results
» doi.org/10.1001/jamane…
High levels of #VitaminD may protect against #COVID19, especially for #BlackPeople @JAMANetworkOpen

⚠️Immunogenicity of a Single Dose of #SARSCoV2 Messenger RNA Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
» doi.org/10.1001/jama.2…
#COVID19 #mRNA #vaccines may not produce sufficient antibody response in organ transplant recipients and immunocompromised individuals.

⚠️Scientists find evidence that novel coronavirus infects the mouth's cells
» eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2…
While it's well known that upper airways and lungs are primary sites of the #SARSCoV2, other sites might help explain the wide-ranging symptoms experienced by #COVID19 patients.

Beating back the coronavirus requires a bigger arsenal
» doi.org/10.1063/PT.3.4…
In the search for new #antibodies and #antivirals, the inexorable #mutations of the #coronavirus threaten to block, or at least render less effective, the #vaccines that are gaining widespread usage.

Inhibition of HECT E3 ligases as potential therapy for COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1038/s41419…
HECT family members of E3 ligases as likely novel biomarkers for #COVID19, as well as new potential targets of therapeutic strategy (well-tolerated nature of Brassicaceae natural compounds).

🔝A SIMPLE, HOME-THERAPY ALGORYTHM TO PREVENT HOSPITALIZATION OF #COVID19 PATIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL MATCHED-COHORT STUDY
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Effective simple, home-treatment algorithms implemented on the basis of a pathophysiologic and pharmacologic rationale.

#IVERMECTIN REPROPOSING FOR #COVID19 TREATMENT OUTPATIENTS IN MILD STAGE IN PRIMARY #HEALTHCARE CENTERS
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Ivermectin could significantly prevent the evolution to serious stages since EG did not present any patient with referral to critical hospitalization.

Severity of #SARSCoV2 infection as a function of the #interferon landscape across the respiratory tract of #COVID19 patients.
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
A dynamic process of inter-/intra-family production of IFNs, suggest that IFNs play opposing roles at distinct anatomical sites.

Sequence analysis of #SARSCoV2 in nasopharyngeal samples from patients with #COVID19 illustrates population variation and diverse phenotypes, placing the in vitro growth properties of B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 lineage viruses in context
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
B.1.1.7 avg, B.1.351🔝.

Fluvoxamine vs Placebo and Clinical Deterioration in Outpatients With Symptomatic COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1001/jama.2…
Does #fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and σ-1 receptor agonist prevent clinical deterioration in outpatients with acute #COVID19? To be cont.

Analysis of Thrombotic Adverse Reactions of #COVID19 #AstraZeneca #Vaccine reported to EudraVigilance database
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Conducting further analyses based on more detailed thrombotic adverse event reports may enable assessment of causality with higher specificity.

A Clinical-Stage Cysteine Protease Inhibitor blocks SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Human and Monkey Cells
» doi.org/10.1021/acsche…
McKerrow and team @UCSDSkaggsSOP, show that low concentrations of #K777 inhibit cathepsin L can reduce #SARSCoV2's ability to infect four host cell lines.

Evaluation of Particle Filtration Efficiency of Commercially Available Materials for Homemade Face Mask Usage
» doi.org/10.1080/027868…
#COVID19 #facemask study @GeorgiaTech finds that the type of material and how many fabric layers used can significantly affect exposure risk.

Characterizing COVID-19 clinical phenotypes and associated comorbidities and complication profiles
» doi.org/10.1371/journa…
Researchers identify three clinical #COVID19 phenotypes, reflecting patient populations with different comorbidities, complications and clinical outcomes.

Simulated Sunlight Rapidly Inactivates SARS-CoV-2 on Surfaces
» doi.org/10.1093/infdis…
First evidence that #sunlight may rapidly inactivate #SARSCoV2 on surfaces, suggesting that persistence, and subsequently exposure risk, may vary significantly b/w indoor/outdoor environments.

Estimated Inactivation of Coronaviruses by Solar Radiation With Special Reference to COVID‐19
» doi.org/10.1111/php.13…
#SARSCoV2 should be inactivated relatively fast during summer, indicating that #sunlight should have a role in the occurrence, spread rate and duration of CoV2.

🔝Drug repurposing screens reveal cell-type-specific entry pathways and FDA-approved drugs active against #SARSCov2
» doi.org/10.1016/j.celr…
Nine drugs are antiviral in respiratory cells, seven of which have been used in humans and three US FDA approved, including #cyclosporine.

💯Clinical and laboratory evaluation of patients with #SARSCoV2 pneumonia treated with high-titer #convalescentplasma
» doi.org/10.1172/jci.in…
In this study, authors show therapeutic use of CCP was safe and conferred transfer of Abs, while preserving endogenous immune response.

💯Clinical Evidence for Improved Outcomes with Histamine Antagonists and Aspirin in 22,560 #COVID19 Patients
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors suggest that further prospective clinical trials, perhaps utilizing the #famotidine + #aspirin combination reported here, are advisable.

Persistence of viral RNA, pneumocyte syncytia and thrombosis are hallmarks of advanced COVID-19 pathology
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ebio…
Several of #COVID19 features might be consequent to the persistence of virus-infected cells for the duration of the disease.

Drugs that inhibit #TMEM16 proteins block #SARSCoV2 Spike-induced #syncytia
» doi.org/10.1038/s41586…
These findings suggest a potential mechanism for #COVID19 disease pathogenesis and support the repurposing of #Niclosamide for therapy.

💯#SARSCoV2 drives JAK1/2-dependent local complement hyperactivation
» doi.org/10.1126/sciimm…
Using an in vitro model using human lung cells, authors found that the antiviral drug #Remdesivir, in combination with the drug #Ruxolitinib, inhibited the "immune complement system".

Ultraviolet A Radiation and #COVID19 Deaths in the USA with replication studies in England and Italy
» doi.org/10.1111/bjd.20…
People living in areas with the highest level of exposure to UVA rays -Sun- had a lower risk of dying from Covid-19 compared with those with lower levels

Plasma Linoleate Diols Are Potential Biomarkers for Severe COVID-19 Infections
» doi.org/10.3389/fphys.…
A blood plasma biomarker discovered in hospitalized #COVID19 patients may not only predict the severity of #ARDS but further research may lead to inhibiting the progression.

Ridgeback Biotherapeutics and Merck Announce Preliminary Findings from a Phase 2a Trial of Investigational #COVID19 Therapeutic Molnupiravir
» businesswire.com/news/home/2021…
#Molnupiravir has been shown to be active in #SARSCoV2 prophylaxis, treatment, and prevention of transmission.

Quantatitive Analysis of Conserved Sites on the #SARSCoV2 Receptor-Binding Domain to Promote Development of Universal SARS-Like Coronavirus Vaccines
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Insights for promoting development of universal SARS-like #coronavirus #vaccines Vs. pandemic infections.

Clinical outcomes of patients with mild #COVID19 following treatment with #hydroxychloroquine in an outpatient setting
» doi.org/10.1016/j.inti…
Early administration of #HCQ reduced the odds of hospitalization (38%) and of death (73%). HCQ may be still an option for mild COVID-19

💯Ivermectin reduces in vivo coronavirus infection in a mouse experimental model
» doi.org/10.1038/s41598…
Scientists have found that #Ivermectin reduces in vivo #coronavirus infection in a mouse experimental model. Ivermectin diminished the MHV #viralload and disease in the mice

Covid-19 has redefined airborne transmission
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n9…
Efforts to stop spread of #COVID19 should be focused on preventing and tackling close #Airborne transmission due to inhaled #aerosol. Improving #IndoorVentilation and #AirQuality will help us all to stay safe.

Ten scientific reasons in support of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2
» thelancet.com/journals/lance…
There is consistent, strong evidence that #SARSCoV2 spreads by #Airborne #transmission. Although other routes can contribute, the airborne route is likely to be dominant.

🔝A guideline to limit #indoor #Airborne #transmission of #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2…
Authors derive a simple safety guideline for mitigating airborne transmission that would impose an upper bound on the product of the number of occupants and their time spent in a room.

Orally delivered MK-4482 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in the Syrian hamster model
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
The inhibitory effect of #MK4482 on #SARSCoV2 replication is observed in animals when the drug is administered, either beginning 12 h before or 12 h following infection.

Pathologic Antibodies to Platelet Factor 4 after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa…
Vaccination against #SARSCoV2 remains critical for control of the #COVID19. A pathogenic PF4-dependent syndrome can occur after the administration of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine

Cerebral venous thrombosis: a retrospective cohort study of 513,284 confirmed COVID-19 cases and a comparison with 489,871 people receiving a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine
» doi.org/10.17605/OSF.I…
Risk of serious thrombotic events in #COVID19─context risks and benefits of #vaccination.

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa…
Can result in rare development of immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia mediated by platelet-activating antibodies against PF4, which clinically mimics autoimmune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

FUNDERS, NOW IS THE TIME TO INVEST BIG IN COVID DRUGS
Vaccine development has been a resounding success. But the #medicine cabinet should have been better stocked. nature.com/articles/d4158…

The Italian Doctor Flattening the Curve by Treating #COVID19 @ Home vimeo.com/511815624

🔝Inhaled budesonide in the treatment of early COVID-19 (STOIC): a phase 2, open-label, randomised controlled trial
» doi.org/10.1016/S2213-…
Early admin of inhaled #budesonide reduced the likelihood of needing urgent medical care and reduced time to recovery after early #COVID19

⚠️Serum amyloid A concentrations, COVID-19 severity and mortality
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid…
#SAA concentrations were significantly and positively associated with higher #COVID19 severity and mortality. This acute phase reactant might assist with risk stratification and monitoring

An open debate on SARS-CoV-2’s proximal origin is long overdue
» arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/pape…
Identifying the true origin of #SARSCoV2 is fundamental to preventing future outbreaks. Search for SARS-CoV-2’s origin should include an open and unbiased inquiry into a possible lab origin.

Single-cell multi-omics analysis of the immune response in COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1038/s41591…
A study in @NatureMedicine highlights the coordinated immune response that contributes to #COVID19 pathogenesis and reveals discrete cellular components that can be targeted for therapy.

💯The guideline developed by Two @MIT professors suggests a limit for #exposuretime, based on the people #occupancy of the room, the size of the #space, the kinds of #activity, whether #facemasks are worn, and the #ventilation and #filtration rates. news.mit.edu/2021/covid-19-…

Celastrol, a potential leading drug capable of inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication and induced inflammation
» biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
#Celastrol is a promising lead drug candidate to treat #COVID19 due to its ability to suppress #SARSCoV2 replication and IL-6 production in infected

Evaluation of #COVID19 vaccination strategies with a delayed second dose
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Importance of quantifying the characteristics and durability of vaccine-induced protection after the first dose in order to determine the optimal time interval between the two doses

🔝A guideline to limit #indoor #airborne #transmission of #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2…
An alternative for managing life. @MIT safety guideline would impose a limit on the #CET in indoor settings, violation of which constitutes an exposure for all of the room’s occupants.

Network medicine framework for identifying drug-repurposing opportunities for #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2…
Using #AI, researchers ranked around 7,000 drugs and selected 918 for further screening to determine if they would be viable treatments for COVID-19 in the real world.

Household COVID-19 risk and in-person schooling
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
While in-person schooling is associated with #household #COVID19 risk, this risk can likely be controlled with properly implemented #school-based mitigation measures. @JohnsHopkinsSPH @ScienceMagazine

🔝#SARSCoV2 #Spike Protein Impairs Endothelial Function via Downregulation of #ACE2
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRE…
In current study, authors show that S protein alone can damage vascular endothelial cells (ECs) by downregulating ACE2 and consequently inhibiting mitochondrial function.

More clinical trial data are needed to determine whether #convalescentplasma from #COVID19 patients and neutralizing monoclonal antibodies specific to #SARSCoV2 antigens can prevent COVID-19 or reduce the severity of the disease in high-risk populations. rdcu.be/cdYgh

#VitaminC inhibits #SARSCoV2 main protease essential for viral replication
» biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Since ascorbate is readily available, as an over-the-counter vitamin supplement, study results have the potential for development of a global and inexpensive antiviral treatment.

Drastic impacts of #COVID19 on #food, #agriculture and #economy
» dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab…
Global epidemics and illness outbreaks are the huge threats to human prosperity and sustainability. A virus doesn’t know borders. If left unaddressed, all human society will be in danger.

#COVID19 #vaccine-associated cerebral venous thrombosis in Germany
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Given an incidence of #CVT in the general population of 0.22÷1.75 per 100,000 person-years, findings point towards an higher risk for CVT after #ChAdOx1 #vaccination, especially for women

Delayed production of #NAb correlates with fatal #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1038/s41591…
An analysis of humoral immune responses in patients w/ COVID-19 w/ varying disease severities reveals that mortality doesn't correlate with antiviral antibody levels but with slower seroconversion

⚠️Reverse-transcribed #SARSCoV2 #RNA can integrate into the genome of cultured human cells and can be expressed in patient-derived tissues
» doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2…
Show that SARS-CoV-2 sequences can integrate into the host cell genome by a LINE1-mediated retroposition mechanism.

Origin of #Covid — Following the Clues
Did people or nature open Pandora’s box at #Wuhan?
nicholaswade.medium.com/origin-of-covi…

#NAb responses to #SARSCoV2 in symptomatic #COVID19 is persistent and critical for survival
» nature.com/articles/s4146…
Compromised immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike to be a major trait of COVID-19 Pt. w/ critical conditions (planning patient care and therapy prioritization)

COVID-19 Endothelial Dysfunction Can Cause Erectile Dysfunction: Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, and Ultrastructural Study of the Human Penis
» doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.2…
First to demonstrate that #COVID19 can be present in the penis tissue long after men recover from virus.

Heterologous prime-boost #COVID19 #vaccination: initial reactogenicity data
» doi.org/10.1016/S0140-…
Authors found an increase in systemic reactogenicity after the boost dose reported by participants in heterologous vaccine schedules in comparison to homologous vaccine schedules

⚠️Estimated Spike Evolution and Impact of Emerging #SARSCoV2 #Variants
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Based on this statistic result and the above speedy Spike evolution, another upcoming peak would come around July 2021 and disastrously attack Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America.

Alterations of frontal-temporal #graymatter volume associate with clinical measures of older adults with #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ynst…
Results suggest that COVID-19 may affect the frontal-temporal network in a secondary manner through fever or lack of oxygen.

Worse Than the Disease? Reviewing Some Possible Unintended Consequences of the #mRNA #Vaccines Against #COVID19
» ijvtpr.com/index.php/IJVT…
Authors conclude with their recommendations regarding surveillance that will help to clarify the long-term effects of these experimental drugs

⚠️Recurrence of Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis Secondary to COVID-19
» doi.org/10.3390/v13050…
Involvement of the upper extremity is uncommon. In this report, authors describe the first reported patient with an upper extremity #DVT recurrence secondary to #COVID19 infection

🔝Investigate the origins of #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
Eighteen scientists from some of the world's most prestigious research institutions are urging their colleagues to dig deeper into the #OriginsofCOVID of the #SARSCoV2 #coronavirus responsible for the global pandemic

🔝#BATS? #WUHAN MARKET? UNA STORIA CHE NON REGGE PIU'.
Di Paolo Barnard @barnard2018 e @Nictolas.
Dal prestigioso @KingsCollegeLon di Londra, un genetista di stazza mondiale ci racconta perché.

Già prima del 14 feb 2020, Paolo Barnard aveva intuito tutto.

Development of Electrospun Nanofibrous #Filters for Controlling #Coronavirus #Aerosols
» doi.org/10.1021/acs.es…
Authors' work paves a new avenue for advancing #airfiltration by developing electrospun nanofibrous #airfilters for controlling #SARSCoV2 #airborne #transmission.

🔝5 Concerns about #SARSCoV2 #Biology: A Call to Pause, Deliberate, and Revise Policy─This review is intended both as a basic resource and to initiate an open and critical dialog about SARS-CoV-2 biology for an independent and public call to action. jjcouey.medium.com/5-concerns-abo…

Structural basis of ribosomal #frameshifting during translation of the #SARSCoV2 #RNA #genome
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
A unique feature of the SARS-CoV-2 genome controls protein synthesis and presents an "Achilles heel" of the virus.

Brainstem neuropathology in two cases of #COVID19: #SARSCoV2 trafficking between #brain and #lung
» doi.org/10.1007/s00415…
Neuropathologic evidence strongly suggests that the pathophysiology of COVID-19 related respiratory failure includes a neurogenic component.

🔝The chaperone GRP78 is a host auxiliary factor for SARS-CoV-2 and GRP78 depleting antibody blocks viral entry and infection
» doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.…
This study provides the first experimental evidence demonstrating that #GRP78 binds the #Spike protein of #SARSCoV2 in cells.

🔝An infectivity-enhancing site on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein targeted by antibodies
» doi.org/10.1016/j.cell…
Discovered for the first time that #SARSCoV2 infectivity is enhanced upon antibody binding to NTD. The NTD region of S protein can produce #ADE infection-enhancing Abs

🔝SARS-CoV-2 infection induces long-lived bone marrow plasma cells in humans
» doi.org/10.1038/s41586…
#SARSCoV2 infection induces a robust antigen-specific, long-lived humoral #immune response in humans. #BMPC cells in the #bonemarrow may churn out antibodies whenever needed.

COVID-19 #vaccine efficacy and effectiveness—the elephant (not) in the room
» doi.org/10.1016/S2666-…
These considerations on Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, Gamaleya, J&J, AstraZeneca #efficacy and #effectiveness are based on studies measuring prevention of mild to moderate #COVID19.

#Colchicine for community-treated patients with #COVID19 (#COLCORONA): a phase 3, randomised, double-blinded, adaptive, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial
» doi.org/10.1016/S2213-…
Colchicine could be considered as a treatment for non-hospitalized Pt. at risk of complications.

🔝The Evidence which Suggests that This Is No Naturally Evolved Virus
A Reconstructed Historical Aetiology of the #SARSCoV2 Spike
Birger Sørensen, Angus Dalgleish & Andres Susrud
Immunor & St Georges University of London
Oslo & London 1 July 2020
minervanett.no/files/2020/07/…

🔝“#Vaccine-Induced #COVID19 Mimicry” Syndrome:
Splice reactions within the #SARSCoV2 #Spike open reading frame result in Spike protein variants that may cause thromboembolic events in patients immunized with vector-based #vaccines
» doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.…
(#VIC19M syndrome)

#COVID19 #Vaccine and Death: Causality #Algorithm According to the @WHO Eligibility Diagnosis
» doi.org/10.3390/diagno…
Authors suggest the adoption of the proposed methodology in order to confirm or rule out a causal relationship between #vaccination and the occurrence of #AEFI.

Favorable outcome on viral load and culture viability using #Ivermectin in early treatment of non-hospitalized patients with mild #COVID19, A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Ivermectin could lead to shortening isolation time in these Pt

Modulation of COVID-19 Epidemiology by UV-B and –A Photons from the Sun
» doi.org/10.1101/2020.0…
Study results suggest that Solar #UVB/#UVA may play an important role in planning new strategies of confinement of the #COVID19 epidemics.

UV-C irradiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 replication
» doi.org/10.1038/s41598…
Study results could explain the epidemiological trends of #COVID19 and are important for the development of novel #UVC sterilizing methods to contain #SARSCoV2 infection.

#UVA and #UVB Can Neutralize #SARSCoV2 Infectivity
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Study data extend previous results showing that SARS-CoV-2 is highly susceptible to #UV light and offer an explanation to the reduced incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection seen in the summer season.

Erythroid precursors and progenitors suppress adaptive immunity and get invaded by SARS-CoV-2
» doi.org/10.1016/j.stem…
@UAlberta researchers find #SARSCoV2 infects immature red blood cells, reducing oxygen in the blood and impairing #IMMUNESYSTEM response of #COVID19 patients.

Drug repurposing screens identify chemical entities for the development of #COVID19 interventions
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
Direct-acting #antivirals, additional compounds that may have value in combination therapies, and tool compounds for viral host cell targets identification.

Irradiation of UVC LED at 277 nm inactivates coronaviruses by photodegradation of spike protein.
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
277-nm #UVC LED results in a pronounced photo-degradation of spike proteins which potentially contributed to the higher efficacy of #coronavirus inactivation

COVID-19: Pathophysiology of Acute Disease─Directions for future research are proposed with the aim of gaining a fuller understanding of the #pathophysiology of #COVID19 and subsequently improving management and outcomes for patients. thelancet.com/series/COVID-1…

Potential anti-#COVID19 agents, #cepharanthine and #nelfinavir, and their usage for combination treatment
» doi.org/10.1016/j.isci…
• #NFV inhibits #SARSCoV2 replication
• #CEP inhibits SARS-CoV-2 attachment to target cells
• NFV+CEP synergistically augment #antiviral activity

A hemagglutination-based, semi-quantitative test for point-of-care determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
A novel rapid, #POC RBC agglutination test for the detection of #SARSCoV2 #antibodies that can yield semi-quantitative information on NAb titer

#Symptomatic Acute #Myocarditis in Seven #Adolescents Following #Pfizer-#BioNTech #COVID19 #Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1542/peds.2…
Continued monitoring and reporting to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) is strongly recommended.

A metal ion orients SARS-CoV-2 mRNA to ensure accurate 2′-O methylation of its first nucleotide
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
The #SARSCoV2 #coronavirus is able to utilize the changes in metal ion concentrations to disguise itself in the human host body thus evading immune responses.

Efficacy of #clarithromycin on #COVID19 pneumonia without oxygen administration; protocol for multicenter, open-label, randomized-controlled, 3-armed parallel group comparison, exploratory trial #CAMECOVID
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Japan Registry of Clinical Trials jRCTs071210011

The influence of #HLA genotype on the severity of #COVID19 infection
» doi.org/10.1111/tan.14…
A genetic link has been discovered explaining why some people catch #Covid but don't get sick. The gene is found three times as often in people who are #asymptomatic.

#SARSCoV2 #aerosol: How far it can travel to the lower airways?
» doi.org/10.1063/5.0053…
The results of this study provide a precise knowledge of the SARS-CoV-2 particle transport to the lower branches and could help the lung health risk assessment system.

The efficacy and safety of #monoclonalantibody treatments against #COVID19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
In general, #monoclonalantibodies are safe and should be considered in severe to critical COVID-19 patients.

💯#SMART RESEARCHERS DEVELOP METHOD FOR RAPID, ACCURATE DETECTION OF VIRUSES
Four times faster than conventional (RT-q)#PCR methods, new approach called #RADICA is highly specific, sensitive, and resistant to inhibitors smart.mit.edu/news-events/ne…

Longitudinal analysis shows durable and broad #immune memory after #SARSCoV2 infection with persisting antibody responses and memory B and T cells
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
The results suggest that broad and effective immunity may persist long-term in recovered #COVID19 patients.

Breathing, speaking, coughing or sneezing: What drives transmission of SARS-CoV-2?
» onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.11…
The abundance of speech-generated #aerosol, combined with its high #viralload in pre- and asymptomatic individuals, strongly implicates airborne transmission of #SARSCoV2

Common Diabetes Drug Shows Promise as Treatment for COVID-19 Lung Inflammation
» ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/pressrelease/c…
The blood sugar-lowering drug #metformin prevented pulmonary inflammation, a major factor in #COVID19 severity and mortality, in studies of mice infected by the #SARSCoV2.

First-dose ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 #COVID19 #vaccines and thrombocytopenic, thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events in Scotland
» doi.org/10.1038/s41591…
First dose ChAdOx1 was associated w/ small increased risks of #ITP; increased risk of arterial thromboembolic, hemorrhagic events.

Observational Study on 255 Mechanically Ventilated #Covid Patients at the Beginning of the USA Pandemic
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Causal modeling establishes that weight-adjusted #HCQ and #AZM therapy improves survival by over 100%. QTc prolongation did not correlate with HCQ.

A computational study of expiratory particle transport and vortex dynamics during breathing with and without #facemasks
» doi.org/10.1063/5.0054…
Facile #masks can successfully suppress the spreading of saliva particulates due to normal breathing in #indoor environments.

🔝Circulating #SARSCoV2 Vaccine Antigen Detected in the Plasma of #mRNA-1273 #Vaccine Recipients
» doi.org/10.1093/cid/ci…
Evidence of SYSTEMIC detection of spike & S1 protein production from the mRNA-1273 vaccine is significant and has not yet been described in any vaccine study

🔝#SARSCoV2 #vaccines: Lights and shadows
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim…
#Vaccination of individuals with pre-existing #immunity may lead to more intense SYSTEMIC inflammation and might thus trigger unexpectedly intense, albeit very rare, inflammatory and #thrombotic reactions.

The mechanisms of action of #Ivermectin against #SARSCoV2: An evidence-based clinical review article
» doi.org/10.1038/s41429…
This evidence-based review article aims to discuss the mechanism of action of #IVM against SARS-CoV-2 and summarizing the available literature over years

Phosphatidylserine Receptors Enhance #SARSCoV2 Infection: #AXL as a Therapeutic Target for #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors demonstrated that this PS receptor is an under-appreciated but potentially important host factor facilitating SARS-CoV-2 entry.

Myocarditis Temporally Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCUL…
Findings from a small study detailing the treatment of #myocarditis-like symptoms in seven people after receiving a #COVID19 #vaccine in the U.S. are published in the AHA's journal Circulation.

Myocarditis after BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCUL…
In conclusion, providers should be vigilant for #myocarditis after #COVID19 #mRNA #vaccination; further research is required to understand the long-term cardiovascular risks.

In Depth Evaluation of a Case of Presumed #Myocarditis Following the Second Dose of #COVID19 #mRNA #Vaccine
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCUL…
Additional surveillance of such adverse events post COVID-19 vaccination will help to identify whether there are sub-groups who are at higher risk

The #SARSCoV2 #spike protein disrupts the cooperative function of human cardiac pericytes - endothelial cells through #CD147 receptor-mediated signalling
» doi.org/10.1101/2020.1…
A potential non-infective mechanism of #COVID19 #microvascular disease.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an adult after #SARSCoV2 infection
» cmaj.ca/content/193/25…
Unlike for MIS-C, there is currently no requirement to report cases of MIS-A to provincial or state, but this should be encouraged to facilitate research and improve patient outcomes

Effects of mask-wearing on social anxiety: an exploratory review
» doi.org/10.1080/106158…
The effects of #facemask-wearing on #socialanxiety are likely to be substantial and clinically relevant.

⚠️Guillain-Barré syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 #vaccine
» doi.org/10.1002/ana.26…
While the rare outcome, clinicians should be alert to this possible adverse event as six out of seven patients progressed to areflexic quadriplegia and required mechanical ventilatory support

⚠️Guillain-Barré syndrome variant occurring after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
» doi.org/10.1002/ana.26…
Suggest vigilance for cases of bifacial weakness with paraesthesias variant #GBS following #vaccination for #SARSCoV2 and post-vaccination surveillance programs ensure data capture.

The landscape of antibody binding in SARS-CoV-2 infection
» doi.org/10.1371/journa…
Authors results demonstrate previously unknown, highly reactive B cell epitopes throughout the full proteome of #SARSCoV2 and other CoV proteins, besides #spike (S) and #nucleocapsid (N) proteins.

On pollen and #Airborne virus transmission
» doi.org/10.1063/5.0055…
In the case of high #Pollen grains concentrations in the air or during pollination in the spring, the #SocialDistance of 2 m does not hold as a health safety measure for an #outdoor crowd.

Interplay between #SARSCoV2-derived miRNAs, immune system, vitamin D pathway and respiratory system
» doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.1…
Investigators found that the virus' microRNAs affect individuals' #RespiratorySystem, #ImmuneSystem response, and #VitaminD pathways.

Incidence of Cutaneous Reactions After Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccines
» doi.org/10.1001/jamade…
Cutaneous reactions, including itching, rash, hives and swelling, occurred in more than 4% of those who received the 2-dose #mRNA #COVID19 #vaccines.

Effectiveness of #SARSCoV2 Monoclonal Antibody Infusions in High-Risk Outpatients
» doi.org/10.1093/ofid/o…
A study by the @USFHealth and @TGHCares is among the first to assess #monoclonalantibodies in a practical setting can reduce #hospitalizations, #healthcare system stress.

🔝Conformational Dynamics in the Interaction of #SARSCoV2 Papain-like Protease with Human Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 Protein
» doi.org/10.1021/acs.jp…
Using #SANS neutrons @ORNL, the researchers catched shape-shifting #coronavirus protein complex in the act. #PLpro #ISG15

🔝In silico comparison of #SARSCoV2 #spike protein-#ACE2 binding affinities across species and implications for virus origin
» doi.org/10.1038/s41598…
SARS-CoV-2 surprisingly well adapted to bind strongly to human ACE2, helping explain its efficient human-to-human transmission.

Mitigation strategies for #airborne disease transmission in orchestras using computational fluid dynamics
» doi.org/10.1126/sciadv…
Want to reduce #COVID19 risk on an orchestra stage? Open all the doors and windows, move trumpets to the air vents and put percussion in the center.

Systematic analysis of #SARSCoV2 infection of an ACE2-negative human airway cell
» doi.org/10.1016/j.celr…
The ability to use an alternative entry pathway opens up the possibility of evading #COVID19 antibodies or vaccines, but the researchers didn't find evidence of such evasion

💯Multiplexed, quantitative serological profiling of #COVID19 from blood by a point-of-care test
» advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/26/e…
Initial results show the #TestTestTest can distinguish between antibodies produced in response to #SARSCoV2 and four other #coronaviruses with 100% accuracy.

SARS-CoV-2 detection and genomic sequencing from hospital surface samples collected at UC Davis
» doi.org/10.1371/journa…
The low likelihood that #SARSCoV2 #contamination on hospital surfaces contains infectious virus, disputing the importance of #fomite in #COVID19 transmission.

Digital contact tracing contributes little to COVID-19 outbreak containment
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors results suggest that policy makers cannot rely on digital #ContactTracing to contain outbreaks of #COVID19 or similar diseases.

Use of #hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes to rule out proarrhythmic effects of drugs: the case of #hydroxychloroquine in #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Disease-specific cohorts of hiPSC-CMs may be a valid preliminary addition to quickly assess drug safety in vulnerable populations

#Ivermectin for Prevention and Treatment of #COVID19 Infection
» doi.org/10.1097/MJT.00…
Moderate-certainty evidence finds that large reductions in COVID deaths are possible using ivermectin. Using it early in the clinical course may reduce numbers progressing to severe disease.

Wearable materials with embedded synthetic biology sensors for biomolecule detection
» nature.com/articles/s4158…
@wyssinstitute @MIT embed synthetic biology reactions into fabrics, creating #wearable #biosensors that can be customized to detect pathogens/toxins and alert the wearer

Combined Metabolic Activators Accelerates Recovery in Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1002/advs.2…
Metabolic activators can reduce recovery time by as many as 3.5 days in patients with mild-to-moderate #COVID19, according to a study published today in Advanced Science.

#Myocarditis Following Immunization With #mRNA #COVID19 #Vaccines in Members of the US Military
» doi.org/10.1001/jamaca…
Vigilance for rare adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination is warranted but should not diminish overall confidence in vaccines during the current pandemic.

Patients With Acute #Myocarditis Following #mRNA #COVID19 #Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1001/jamaca…
Although causality cannot be established, the findings raise the possibility of an association between mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and acute myocarditis.

Aerosol and Droplet Generation from Performing with Woodwind and Brass Instruments
» doi.org/10.1080/027868…
Playing wind instruments generates less #aerosol than vocalization. Findings crucial to developing a roadmap for lifting #COVID19 #restrictions in the performing #arts.

🔝Physical phenotype of blood cells is altered in COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#COVID19 significantly changes the size and stiffness of red and white blood cells - sometimes over months - evidencing the long-term imprint on the body -- a possible explanation for #LongCovid.

Longitudinal assessment of diagnostic test performance over the course of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection
» doi.org/10.1093/infdis…
KEY to efficient, early detection of #SARSCoV2, the virus that causes #COVID19, increases with more frequent testing, no matter the type of #TestTestTest

Nasal ciliated cells are primary targets for SARS-CoV-2 replication in the early stage of COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1172/JCI148…
Results imply targeting ciliated cells of the nasal epithelium during the early stage of #COVID19 could be an ideal strategy to prevent #SARSCoV2 propagate

CD8+ T cells specific for conserved coronavirus epitopes correlate with milder disease in COVID-19 patients
» doi.org/10.1126/sciimm…
People w/ #COVID19 may experience milder symptoms if certain cells of their #immunesystem remember previous encounters with seasonal #coronavirus.

Massively scaled-up testing for #SARSCoV2 RNA via next-generation sequencing of pooled and barcoded nasal and saliva samples
» doi.org/10.1038/s41551…
#SwabSeq to perform 80,000+ tests in less two months, with the #TestTestTest showing extremely high sensitivity and specificity.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Self-Amplifying RNA #Vaccine Against #COVID19
» dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3…
The technology uses genetic code called self-amplifying RNA (#saRNA). This genetic information holds instructions to make the spike protein found on the outside of #coronavirus.

🔝Structure-guided #Tcell #vaccine design for #SARSCoV2 #variants and sarbecoviruses
» doi.org/10.1016/j.cell…
To develop a broadly protective T cell vaccine that can protect against #VOC, such as the #DeltaVariant, and potentially extend protection to future SARS-CoV-2 variants.

#SARSCoV2 immune evasion by the B.1.427/B.1.429 variant of concern
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
The L452R mutation reduced neutralizing activity of 14 out of 34 RBD-specific mAbs. The S13I & W152C mutations resulted in total loss of neutralization for 10 out of 10 NTD-specific mAbs.

Infectivity and immune escape of the new #SARSCoV2 #variant of interest #Lambda
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Mutations present in the spike protein of the #LambdaVariant #VOI confer increased infectivity and immune escape from neutralizing antibodies elicited by #Sinovac-#CoronaVac.

Cross-reactive serum and memory B-cell responses to spike protein in #SARSCoV2 and endemic #coronavirus infection
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
A special type of antibody is produced in patients who've had #COVID19 as well as less-serious coronaviruses that cause colds.

Postinfection treatment with a protease inhibitor increases survival of mice with a fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection
» doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2…
Results suggest deuterated variants of #coronavirus protease inhibitor #GC376 have excellent potential as antiviral agents against #SARSCoV2.

Application of nasal spray containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DSMO) and ethanol during the COVID-19 pandemic may protect healthcare workers
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Conclusion: combined application of #DSMO and #ethanol in #healthcare providers can considerably prevent #COVID19.

Evidence of a putative glycosaminoglycan binding site on the glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein N-terminal domain
» doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj…
#HS Heparan sulfate, from the same family as #heparin, may interfere with the ability of #COVID19 virus's spikes to bind to human cells.

Supercomputer-Based Ensemble Docking Drug Discovery Pipeline with Application to Covid-19
» doi.org/10.1021/acs.jc…
@ORNL researchers are using a #QuantumChemistry procedure @TACC's #Stampede2 supercomputer to help refine screening of potential drug molecules against #COVID19.

Incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 infection among previously infected or #vaccinated employees
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
There was no difference in the infection incidence between vaccinated individuals and individuals with previous infection.

Effectiveness of #Ivermectin-Based Multidrug Therapy in Severe Hypoxic Ambulatory #COVID19 Patients
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Triple combination therapy is safe and effective even in moderate-severe patients with hypoxia treated in the outpatient setting.

Mandatory covid-19 vaccination for care home workers
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1…
In The BMJ, experts argue that mandatory #COVID19 #vaccination for #carehomes workers is "unnecessary, disproportionate and misguided".

Risk factors for intensive care admission and death amongst children and young people admitted to hospital with #COVID19 and PIMS-TS in England during the first pandemic year
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Identifying which #CYP are vulnerable to severe disease following #SARSCoV2.

Deaths in Children and Young People in England following SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year
» doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.…
It is important to differentiate b/w #CYP who have died of #SARSCoV2 and those died of an alternative disease but coincidentally tested positive.

Which children and young people are at higher risk of severe disease and death after #SARSCoV2 infection
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Whilst odds ratios were high, the absolute increase in risk for most comorbidities was small compared to #CYP without underlying conditions.

p-cymene impairs SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A (H1N1) viral replication: In silico predicted interaction with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and H1N1 nucleoprotein
» doi.org/10.1002/prp2.7…
#pcymene as a possible antiviral in a broad spectrum of #RNA viruses, from #SARSCoV2 to H1N1

Autoimmunity to #AnnexinA2 predicts mortality among hospitalised #COVID19 patients
» doi.org/10.1183/139930…
Anti-Annexin A2 antibodies: the pathophysiology of severe COVID-19 has largely been attributed to a hyper-inflammatory response without a clear indication of the mechanism

Aspirin Use is Associated with Decreased Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Study results show that #aspirin is associated with decrease in both overall mortality and in-hospital mortality in patients with #COVID19

CAT, AGTR2, L-SIGN and DC-SIGN are potential receptors for the entry of #SARSCoV2 into human cells
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
After performing molecular simulations, authors found that the binding affinities of CAT, AGTR2, L-SIGN and DC-SIGN to S protein were even higher than ACE2

Key role of #AnnexinA2 and #Plasmin in #COVID19 pathophysiology, clinical presentation and outcomes - A Review
» researchgate.net/publication/34…
The potential key role of proteins such as Annexin A2, plasmin, ACE-2 receptors and ENaC channels in the COVID-19 disease pathophysiology.

Genetic regulation of #OAS1 nonsense-mediated decay underlies association with risk of severe #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Ratio for further studies using interferon to compensate for impaired spontaneous #SARSCoV2 clearance, particularly in carriers of OAS1 risk haplotypes

A drug candidate for treating #AdverseReactions caused by pathogenic antibodies inducible by #COVID19 virus and #vaccines
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
To prevent and treat #ADAA of COVID-19 vaccines because the vaccines can induce similar antibodies, including pathogenic antibodies.

Attenuation of clinical & immunological outcomes during SARS-CoV-2 infection by ivermectin
» doi.org/10.15252/emmm.…
#Ivermectin might be considered as promising therapeutic agent vs #COVID19 with no impact on #SARSCoV2 replication but alleviating inflammation & ensuing symptoms.

Plasma #ACE2 species are differentially altered in #COVID19 patients
» doi.org/10.1096/fj.202…
A #bloodtest that quantifies the protein ACE2, produced as a result of interaction with the virus, could be a simple and effective method for monitoring #SARSCoV2 infection.

Regulation of the Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 #ACE2 in Nasal Mucosa
» doi.org/10.1177/194589…
Scientists find that short chain fatty acids can be used to reduce susceptibility to #SARSCoV2 infection and mortality from #COVID19.

Reactivation of IgA vasculitis after COVID-19 vaccination
» doi.org/10.1016/S2665-…
Uncertainty persists as to the possibility that the #COVID19 #vaccines might cause exacerbation of pre-existing #autoimmunedisease: reactivation of IgA #vasculitis occurring after #vaccination.

Exploring the Gap Between Excess Mortality and COVID-19 Deaths in 67 Countries
» doi.org/10.1001/jamane…
Researchers in this study analyzed the gap between #excessmortality and #CCM #COVID19 confirmed mortality in 67 countries to determine the reliability of the official data.

Early Phylogenetic Estimate Of The Effective Reproduction Number Of 2019-nCoV
» doi.org/10.1101/2020.0…
Temporal reconstruction of the #2019nCoV phylogeny suggests that the epidemic originated between October and November 2019, several weeks before the first cases were described.

🔝The #COVID19 Burden or #Tryptophan Syndrome: #Autoimmunity, #Immunoparalysis and Tolerance in a #Tumorigenic Environment
» doi.org/10.23937/2474-…
The main conclusion is that the whole process starts among #neutrophils and then is perpetuated by sustained #Platelets activation.

#Autoantibodies stabilize #Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1172/jci.in…
COVID-19 emulates many aspects of systemic #autoimmune disorders, including the release of a flurry of overactive #ImmuneSystem cells that produce toxic webs of proteins and DNA (#NET)

#Remdesivir for the treatment of #COVID19 disease
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Conclusion: Early initiation of #RDV is associated with shorter #hospital stay, lower #mortality as well as reduced need for supplemental #oxygen and #mechanicalventilation.

⚠️Sequential contralateral facial nerve palsies following COVID-19 vaccination first and second doses
» dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-20…
In this @bmj_latest Case Report, authors describe the first case of #BellPalsy occurring shortly after each dose of a #COVID19 #vaccine, suggesting link

Pathogenic antibodies induced by #spike proteins of #COVID19 and #SARSCoV viruses
» doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.…
N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (#NANA) and its analogs such as acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester (NANA-Me) are able prevent and also treat adverse reactions caused by COVID-19.

Distinctive features of #SARSCoV2-specific #Tcells predict recovery from severe #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1016/j.celr…
A new study by researchers from the @UCSF and the @GladstoneInst-California has shown that exhausted T cells are linked to increased risk of COVID-19 mortality.

Masitinib is a broad coronavirus 3CL inhibitor that blocks replication of SARS-CoV-2
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
There is an urgent need for #antiviral agents that treat #SARSCoV2 infection. #Masitinib was also effective in vitro against all tested #VOC (B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1).

Combination of Antiviral Drugs to Inhibit #SARSCoV2 Polymerase and Exonuclease as Potential #COVID19 Therapeutics
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
SARS-CoV-2 has an exonuclease-based proofreader, which removes nucleotide inhibitors (Remdesivir). Combination drugs for effective treatment

Disrupted Resolution Mechanisms Favor Altered Phagocyte Responses in #Covid19
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRE…
The results suggest that treatments which increase #SPM production, such as #dexamethasone or SPM based drugs, could play a key role in limiting inflammation in these patients.

Drug-free #nasalspray as a barrier against #SARSCoV2 infection: safety and efficacy in human nasal airway epithelia
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
AM-301 was found to be safe in vitro, and it significantly decelerated viral titer growth in experimental models of prophylaxis/mitigation

Impaired local intrinsic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1016/j.cell…
This study defines protective and detrimental responses to #SARSCoV2, and suggests that failed nasal epithelial anti-viral immunity may underlie and precede severe #COVID19.

#Frailtyvariation models for susceptibility and exposure to #SARSCoV2
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#HerdImmunity thresholds are being reached w/ a larger contribution of vaccine in Scotland than in England, where naturally acquired immunity is higher. Relevant to global vax policies

Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 hyperimmune globulin (HIG) solution in the treatment of active COVID-19 infection- Findings from a Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multi-Centric Trial
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#COVID19 #HIG was found to be safe and well-tolerated.

Inhibitors of #VPS34 and #fattyacid metabolism suppress #SARSCoV2 replication
» doi.org/10.1016/j.celr…
These studies clarify roles for VPS34 & fatty acid metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 replication and identify promising avenues for the development of countermeasures against the virus.

Covid-19 vaccines: In the rush for regulatory approval, do we need more data?
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1…
After rollout under #EUA emergency authorisation, manufacturers of #COVID19 #vaccines now have their sights on regulatory approval. But what’s the rush, asks Peter Doshi?

Spike-antibody waning after second dose of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1
» doi.org/10.1016/S0140-…
A significant trend of declining S-antibody levels, reducing by about five-fold for ChAdOx1, and by about two-fold for BNT162b2, between 21–41 days and 70 days or more after the second dose.

An Oral #SARSCoV2 Mpro Inhibitor Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Alongside vaccines, #Antiviral therapeutics are an important part of the healthcare response to counter the ongoing threat presented by COVID-19. PF-07321332 by @pfizer.

COVID-ONE-humoral immune: The One-stop Database for COVID-19-specific Antibody Responses and Clinical Parameters
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
A database for COVID-19 specific immune responses and clinical parameters: 2,360 serum samples, 783 #COVID19 patients covid-one.cn

Highly efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cardiomyocytes: spike protein-mediated cell fusion and its inhibition
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#SARSCoV2 can replicate efficiently in hiPSC-CM platform that provides an opportunity for target-based drug discovery in cardiac #COVID19

Emergence of #SARSCOV2 Spike Protein Escape #Mutation #Q493R after Treatment for #COVID19
» wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27…
SARS-CoV-2 mutations conferring resistance to #bamlanivimab and #etesevimab can arise after specific #selectivepressure, thus increasing binding affinity to ACE2.

Selectively expressing #SARSCoV2 Spike protein S1 subunit in #cardiomyocytes induces cardiac hypertrophy in mice
» biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Suggesting that circulating CoV-2-S1 is a TLR4-recognizable alarmin that may harm the heart CMs by triggering their innate immune responses.

Losartan Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Vitro
» doi.org/10.18433/jpps3…
A new in vitro study conducted by researchers from @universityofga and Shahid Beheshti University-Iran has found that the common Hypertension drug #Losartan is able to inhibit #SARSCoV2 replication.

Examining the potential benefits of the #influenzavaccine against #SARSCoV2: A retrospective cohort analysis of 74,754 patients
» doi.org/10.1371/journa…
Physician-scientists @umiamimedicine have shown in a study that the #fluvaccine may provide vital protection against #COVID19.

#AdverseEvents following #COVID19 virus #vaccination in Japanese young population
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
This study clarified for the first time that age less than 20 years is a risk factor for systemic adverse events from the COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna Intramuscular Injection.

Longitudinal observation of antibody responses for 14 months after #SARSCoV2 infection
» doi.org/10.1016/j.clim…
Delighted to share a paper published in Clinical Immunology. This is the longest follow up (14 months) of #antibody responses in recovered #COVID19 patients to date.

Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
The levels of #IgG #antibodies against #SARSCoV2 Spike protein remain stable, or even increase, seven months after infection, according to follow-up.

Cerebral venous thrombosis after vaccination against COVID-19 in the UK
» doi.org/10.1016/S0140-…
UCL and UCLH-led study of patients w/ cerebral venous thrombosis (#CVT) following #COVID19 #vaccination, provides a clearer guide for clinicians trying to diagnose and treat patients

⚠️Association of Myocarditis With BNT162b2 Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccine in a Case Series of Children
» doi.org/10.1001/jamaca…
In this small case series study, #myocarditis was diagnosed in #children after #COVID19 #vaccination, most commonly in boys after the #seconddose.

Clinical Characteristics and Pharmacological Management of #COVID19 #Vaccine–Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia With Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
» doi.org/10.1001/jamaca…
Regarding biology, clinical characteristics, and pharmacological management of #VITT with #CVST.

#COVID19 #Breakthrough Infections in #Vaccinated #HealthCare Workers
» doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa…
Among #FullyVaccinated health care workers, most breakthrough infections were mild or asymptomatic, although persistent symptoms (>6 weeks) did occur.

🔝Immunisation of ferrets and mice with recombinant #SARSCoV2 spike protein formulated with Advax-SM adjuvant protects against #COVID19 infection
» doi.org/10.1016/j.vacc…
Notably, in addition to lung protection Covax-19 vaccine may have the potential to reduce virus transmission

Molecular mimicry between Spike and human thrombopoietin may induce thrombocytopenia in COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Consideration of cross-reactivity for #SARSCoV2 is important for therapeutic intervention and when designing the next generation of #COVID19 #vaccines.

Spatiotemporal Components of #AdverseReactions Against BNT162b2 mRNA #SARSCoV2 #Vaccine Reflect Different Immunological Processes
» ssrn.com/abstract=39039…
Complex AR Vs. vaccines can be explained by a limited number of spatiotemporal components identified by tensor decomposition

⚠️Infection-enhancing anti-#SARSCoV2 antibodies recognize both the original Wuhan/#D614G strain and #DeltaVariant. A potential risk for #massvaccination?
» doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf…
#ADE is a potential concern for #vaccines. #Vaccine formulations lacking ADE epitope are suggested.

Associations Between the Use of NSAIDs and Adverse Outcomes Among Patients with COVID-19
» ssrn.com/abstract=39039…
The use of #ibuprofen, #etoricoxib or #celecoxib were not associated with an increased risk of death in #COVID19 patients, compared with not using any #NSAID.

Mechanism of #molnupiravir-induced #SARSCoV2 mutagenesis
» doi.org/10.1038/s41594…
Molecular mechanisms of #coronavirus drug candidate Molnupiravir unraveled. The antiviral agent incorporates RNA-like building blocks into the genome of the virus.

Association of #Vaccine Type and Prior #SARSCoV2 Infection With Symptoms and Antibody Measurements Following #Vaccination Among #HealthCare Workers
» doi.org/10.1001/jamain…
Study did in hospital workers who received an mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and had prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Pseudotyped Bat Coronavirus RaTG13 is efficiently neutralised by convalescent sera from SARS-CoV-2 infected Patients
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
These results indicate that the immune-escape mutations found in #SARSCoV2 #VOC(s) might be driven by strong #antibodypressure(s).

Seasonal betacoronavirus antibodies expansion post BNT161b2 #vaccination associates with reduced #SARSCoV2 #VoC(s) neutralization
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
The study showed that serological assays measuring IgG against Wuhan-Hu-1 antigens were a poor proxy for VoCs neutralization

⚠️Cardiac Inflammation after #COVID19 #mRNA #Vaccines: A Global #Pharmacovigilance Analysis
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
An important disproportionate reporting among #adolescents and #youngadults, particularly in males, was observed especially for #myocarditis.

Significant reduction in humoral immunity among healthcare workers and nursing home residents 6 months after #COVID19 BNT162b2 #mRNA #vaccination
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
These data demonstrate a significant reduction in levels of antibody in all groups.

Correlation of #SARSCoV2 #Breakthrough Infections to Time-from-vaccine
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors found that the risk for infection was significantly higher for early vaccinees compared to those vaccinated later.

Impact of #Delta on viral burden and #vaccine effectiveness against new #SARSCoV2 infections in the UK
» ndm.ox.ac.uk/files/coronavi…
With #DeltaVariant, infections occurring following two vaccinations had similar peak viral burden to those in unvaccinated individuals.

Determinants and dynamics of #SARSCoV2 infection in a diverse population
» doi.org/10.1093/infdis…
People who have had severe or long-lasting cases of #COVID19 are more likely to have high levels of immunoglobulin G (#IgG) antibodies needed to fight against future reinfection.

⚠️Antibody Evolution after #SARSCoV2 #mRNA #Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors conclude that memory antibodies selected over time by natural infection have greater potency and breadth than antibodies elicited by vaccination.

Morphological cell profiling of #SARSCoV2 infection identifies drug repurposing candidates for #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2…
The team validated the 17 candidate compounds in several types of cells. Nine showed anti-viral activity at reasonable doses, including #lactoferrin.

Infection with the #SARSCoV2 #DeltaVariant is Associated with Higher Infectious Virus Loads Compared to the #AlphaVariant in both #Unvaccinated and #Vaccinated Individuals
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Both Vaxed/Unvaxed show a significant decrease of Ct values in the Delta Vs. Alpha

⚠️First case of postmortem study in a patient #vaccinated against #SARSCoV2
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid…
Postmortem molecular mapping by RT-PCR revealed relevant SARS-CoV2 cycle threshold values in ~all organs examined: 1st vaccination induces immunogenicity but not sterile immunity

⚠️#FND Functional disorders after #COVID19 #vaccine fuel #vaccination hesitancy
» dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2…
A female patient who presented with a short episode of generalized psychogenic non-epileptic seizures 20 minutes after receiving her #seconddose of the #Pfizer-#BioNTech jab.

#DeltaVariant and #mRNA #Covid19 #vaccines effectiveness: higher odds of vaccine infection breakthroughs
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors found significantly higher odds of vaccine infection breakthrough in Delta cases when compared to Alpha cases, suggesting lower effectiveness